Voyages Study Guide - 990 Words

Introduction to Cultural Anthropology: Final Exam Review Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs By Cathy A. Small Study Guide Chapter one: 1. The impact is that people who migrate bring money back to the village. Along with the money they also bring new cultural ideas and myths about the places they’ve traveled. 2. Tapa making is very important for the women of Tonga, they have a group that meets for 14 weeks to make one cloth for one woman. Most people also farm with help from the whole family. They all listen to the radio at night. 3. Tongans used to make money by farming (70%) which changes in the future. 4. Two myths are that Tongans are poverty stricken and poor and they are landless. The first†¦show more content†¦3. He hung himself 4. After he realized that she knew people in the village and was not naà ¯ve to the customs, he backed off. Chapter seven: 1. The income tax system changed. Income taxes when down and sales taxes went up. 2. Kava is a hot pepper drink that men drink in faikava groups. The Faikava groups raised money with a drinking evening. 3. Remittance economy is a community that gets its money from overseas families. People with families overseas had modern appliances in their house and an increased morality. 4. When she would send them over, her sister put them outside her house and people would just help themselves to the clothes. 5. Kavenga = obligations 6. The community couldn’t keep up with the change coming from the remittances families overseas. 7. Buyers worked with the Tongan government to get the Tongans to plant pumpkins. The farmers took out loans to buy the seeds and fertilizers. When the pumpkins grew there were too many and the buyers didn’t buy enough to get the farmers out of debt. Chapter eight: 1. Solo dance performed by an unmarried girl of age 21. Alyssa dedicated her dance to her well known grandfather to raise more money. Chapter nine: 1. To be near her mother for the birth, to give her baby the opportunity for dual citizenship, and to think about her life. 2. Tongan tradition is very important to her Chapter ten: 1. The tongan way 2. There was aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Hawaiian Navigation1365 Words   |  6 Pagespaper is on the navigation techniques that they used in these voyages throughout the Pacific. Its impossible to teach someone the significance or the act of loving the stars and the ocean but thats what makes navigation without instruments (wayfinding) so beautiful. One can give the heavens a meaning his own meaning says Nainoa Thompson. Anyone can learn the aspects of navigation through personal observation and the study of charts and maps. Thus creative thinking and logic are two importantRead MoreSlave revolt comparrison of La Amistad and Benito Cereno1564 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Nicole C. 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Inanga A Song of Survival in Daughter’s Rwanda - 1673 Words

Transcending individual differences, music in Africa has proved to be more than just a collection of notes and the production of sounds. Throughout this past semester, Professor B drew materials from West, East and South Africa to demonstrate the powerful ability of music to bring and bind people together. Consistently exemplified throughout African history, music has served as the unifying link between generations. In the documentary, Inanga: A Song of Survival in Daughter’s Rwanda, a family’s dedication to the preservation of the inanga instrument is explored against the backdrop of the Rwandan genocide. Deeply embedded in history, tradition and culture, inanga reveals the primary function of music in Africa. Though it is an instrument specific to Rwanda, it shares many similarities to variety of instruments scattered across the continent. This certainly emphasizes the undeniable function of African music in sustaining unique cultural practices. The story of inanga i s told through the narratives of Sophie Nzayisenga and her father, Kirusu Thomas. This highly significant stringed instrument was originally exclusive to the male gender until Kirusu shared his talents with his children. At the age of six, Sophie learned to play the inanga and quickly gravitated towards her musical heritage. Following in the footsteps of the male generations before her, Sophie began to read, compose and perform the music of the wooden instrument. She utilized the talents of her fatherShow MoreRelatedInanga: A Story of Survival in a Daughter’s Rwanda Essay1972 Words   |  8 PagesThe Inanga and Its Place in African Music (Option One) In the documentary Inanga: A Song of Survival in a Daughter’s Rwanda, Sibomana Athanase says, â€Å"After the drum, the inanga is the queen of all the traditional instruments† (Inanga: A Story of Survival in a Daughter’s Rwanda). For Rwandans, it is an instrument that is deeply rooted in tradition and in culture, yet as time goes on, it is slowly losing its appeal across generations. Traditionally associated with the Tutsi people, the inanga’s identity

The term public opinion Free Essays

The term public opinion, as observed by many, is very much popular during the election period and or during those times wherein critical decisions are made or critical issues are dealt with in a manner that not everybody in the society agrees with. It is defined by any lexicon, as the aggregate of individual views, beliefs, and attitudes toward a certain issue. Public opinion can actually serve as a tool for people, especially those who are part of the governing body, in deciding on which would be the best option and or courses of action to undertake. We will write a custom essay sample on The term public opinion or any similar topic only for you Order Now To illustrate, during the election season, public opinion serves as a medium for people to decide on whom to vote. This is so because with the aid of public opinion, individuals gain access to various types of information pertaining to every electoral candidate (i.e. educational background, professional training, projects, etc.), thus enabling them to assess who will be the right candidate to for a particular key position. Public opinion may also serve as an acceptability measure for proposed laws and public policies. Public opinion has four distinct characteristics to wit: direction, stability, intensity, and saliency.   Direction, as a characteristic of public opinion, allows individuals to predict the most likely results of a certain issue, concern, and the like. To illustrate, during elections, an individual may be able to predict the probable outcome for presidential elections simply by relying on statistical data, i.e. 40 percent in favor of Mr. X and 60 percent in favor of Mr. Y. Thus it can be said that direction would refer to the proportion of the population that holds a particular view. Stability on the other hand, refers to the trends exhibited by the series of data on directions. Taking the elections as an example, knowledge on stability allows us to have a gut-feel or enables us to predict the most likely results of the said activity by means of reading the trends signified by the series of fluctuations of poll results. As for intensity, intensity would refer to the depth of feeling towards a certain issue and or concern. To illustrate, in the case of approving a house bill to become a law, the strong support to make the said house bill into a law exhibits how depth the feeling is towards that house bill or it can also be assumed that since there is a very strong support towards the passing of the bill, then the said house bill must be very important to each individual of the society and or the groups that will benefit most from its provisions. Lastly, saliency, this characteristic of public opinion allows us to assess how likely the people will act on the basis of their opinions. There are three agents of political socialization that influences the political views and attitudes held by every individual. This includes the family, schools, and the mass media. How to cite The term public opinion, Papers

Blue Whales Essay Example For Students

Blue Whales Essay The Blue whale is the largest creature of the sea, in fact, it is the largestcreature known to man. Contrary to what most people think, even though Bluewhales live in the sea, they are mammals. They breathe air, have their babiesborn alive and can live anywhere from 30 to 70 years. The Blue whale is a baleenwhale, and instead of having teeth, Blue whales have around 300-400 baleenplates in their mouths. They fall under the category of the rorquals, which arethe largest of the baleen family. The scientific name of the Blue whale is,Balsenoptera musculus. Key Words: Balaenoptera musculus, Suborder Mysticeti,balaenoptera intermedia, balaenoptera brevicauds, baleen whale, rorqual, calf,sulfur bottom, Sibbalds Rorqual, Great Northern Rorqual, gulpers, blowholes,blubber, oil, keratin, krill, copepods, plankton, orcas, endangered IntroductionWhales are separated into two groups, the baleen and the toothed whales. Theblue whale is the largest baleen whale and the largest animal that ever liv ed onEarth, including the largest dinosaurs. Baleen are rows of coarse, bristle-likefibers used to strain plankton from the water. Baleen is made of keratin, thesame material as our fingernails. They live in pods, the have two blowholes. Theblue whale has a 2-14 inch (5-30cm) thick layer of blubber. Blue whales (Balaenopteramusculus) are baleen whales (Suborder Mysticeti). They are one of 76 species andare marine mammals. Background The Blue whale is called a rorqual, aNorwegian word for furrow referring to the pleated grooves running fromits chin to its naval. The pleated throat grooves allow the Blue whalesthroat to expand during the huge intake of water during filter feeding; they canhold 1,000 tons or more of food and water when fully expanded (Small1971). Blue whales have 50-70 throat grooves. Blue whales grow up to about 80feet (25m) long on average, weighing about 120 tons. The females are generallylarger than the males, this is the case for all baleen whales. The largestspec imen found was a female 94 feet (29m) long weighing more than 174 tons (Satchell1998). The head of the Blue whale forms up to a quarter of the total bodylength. Compared with other rorquals, the head is very broad. The blue whaleheart is the size of a small car and can pump almost 10 tons of blood throughoutthe body. They have a very small, falcate (sickle-shaped) dorsal fin that islocated near the fluke, or tail. Blue whales have long, thin flippers 8 feet(2.4m) long and flukes that are 25feet (7.6m) wide. The blue whales skin isusually blue-gray with white-gray spots. The underbelly has brown, yellow, orgray specks. During the winter, in cold waters, diatoms stick to the underbelly,giving it a yellow to silver- to sulfur-colored sheen; giving the blue whale itsnick-name of sulfur bottoms. Other names include Sibbalds Rorqual andGreat Northern Rorqual. Blue whales (like all baleen whales) are seasonalfeeders and carnivores that filter feed tiny crustaceans (krill, copepods, etc),pl ankton, and small fish from the water. Krill, or shrimp-like euphasiids are nolonger than 3 inches. It is amazing that the worlds largest animals feed onthe smallest marine life. Blue whales are gulpers, filter feeders thatalternatively swim then gulp a mouthful of plankton or fish. An average-sizedblue whale will eat 2,000-9,000 pounds (900-4100kg) of plankton each day duringthe summer feeding season in cold, arctic waters (120 days) (Hasley 1984). The blue whale has twin blowholes with exceptionally large fleshy splashguardsto the front and sides. It has about 320 pairs of black baleen plates with darkgray bristles in the blue whales jaws. These plates can be 35-39 inches(90cm-1m) long, 21 inches (53cm) wide, and weigh 200 pounds (90kg). This is thelargest of all the rorquals, but not the largest of all the whales. The tongueweighs 4 tons. Blue whales live individually or in very small pods (groups). .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .postImageUrl , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:hover , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:visited , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:active { border:0!important; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:active , .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89 .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8cfaaeb3106feffc003cefecdd2dda89:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Accomplishments of Cardinal Richelieu EssayThey frequently swim in pairs. When the whale comes to the surface of the water,he takes a large breath of air. Then he dives back into the water, going to adepth of 350 feet (105m). Diving is also the way in which whales catch most oftheir food. Whales can stay under water for up to two hours without coming tothe surface for more air. Blue whales breath air at the surface of the waterthrough 2 blowholes located near the top of the head. They breathe about 1-4times per minute at rest, and 5-12 times per minute after a deep dive (Hasley1984). Their blow is a single stream that rises 40-50 feet (12-15m) above thesurface of the water. Blue whales are very fast swimmers; they normally swim3-20 mph, but can go up to 24-30mph in bursts when in danger. Feeding speeds areslower, usually about 1-4mph. Blue whales emit very loud, highly structured,repetitive low-frequency sounds that can travel form many miles underwater. Theyare probably the loudest animals alive, louder than a jet engine. These songsmay be used for locating large masses of krill (tiny crustaceans taht they eat)and for communicating with other blue whales. Blue whales typically are found inthe open ocean and live at the surface. They are found in all the oceans of theworld. The majority of Blue whales live in the Southern Hemisphere. Thesubspecies found in the Southern Hemisphere are the balaenoptera musculus. Thesmaller populations inhabit the North Atlantic and North Pacific. These NorthernHemisphere Blue whales are the balaenoptera brevicauda. They migrate longdistances between low latitude winter mating grounds and high latitude summerfeedin g grounds. They are often seen in parts of California, Gulf of California(Sea of Cortez), Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada and the northern Indian Ocean. Blue whale breeding occurs mostly in the winter to early spring while near thesurface and in warm waters. The gestation period is about 11-12 months andthe calf is born tail first (this is normal for cetaceans) and near the surfacein warm, shallow waters (Hasley 1984). The newborn instinctively swims to thesurface within 10 seconds for its first breath; it is helped by its mother,using her flippers. Within 30 minutes of its birth the baby whale can swim. Thenewborn calf is about 25 feet (7.6m) long and weighs 6-8 tons. Twins areextremely rare (about 1% of births); there is almost always one calf. The babyis nurtured with its mothers fat-laden milk (it is about 40-50% fat) and isweaned in about 7-8 months. A calf may drink 50 gallons of mothers milk andgain up to 9 pounds an hour or 200 pounds a day. The mother and calf may staytogether for a year or longer, when the calf is about 45 feet (13m) long. Bluewhales reach maturity at 10-15 years. Blue whales have a life expectancy of35-40 years. However, there are many factors that limit the life span of theBlue whale. Packs of killer whales (orcas) have been known to attack and killyoung blue whales or calves. Man also hunted blue whales until the InternationalWhaling Commission declared them to be a protected species in 1966 because of ahuge decrease in their population. The Blue whale was too swift and powerful forthe 19th century whalers to hunt, but with the arrival of harpoon canons, theybecame a much sought after species for their large amounts of blubber. They werealso hunted years ago for their baleen, which was used to make brushes andcorsets. But it was their size and high yield of oil that made them the targetof choice for modern commercial whalers. Before mans intervention there were228,000 Blue whales swimming the oceans of the world. Between 1904 and 1978,whalers scoured the seas for this huge cetacean, most were taken in the SouthernHemisphere, many illegally (Satchell 1998). As the population figures uggests, it was relentlessly slaughtered for every reason imaginable, almost tothe point of extinction. Another reason why Blue whales are almost extinct ispollution. Mosst of their illnesses are contracted by pollution. It is estimatedthat there are about 10,000-14,000 blue whales world-wide. Blue whales are anendangered species. They have been protected worldwide by international law,since 1967. The blue whale was listed as endangered throughout its range on June2, 1970 under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Conservation Act of 1969. Theyare not to be hunted by anyone for any reason at all. Suggestions are that somepopulations may never recover. Conclusion Although Blue whales are nowprotected, we still must not hunt or kill them in their delicate balance oflife. Some people believe that whales and dolphins are animal of mystery andbeauty, and that a dead whale is an omen, good or bad. Most people say that allhumans must protect all whales. We need to save these great water gia nts. .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .postImageUrl , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:hover , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:visited , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:active { border:0!important; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:active , .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794 .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud48b4082afc10688314f2809ad728794:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal Story - Leaving Bermuda EssayBibliographyBerger, C. 1998 Making Sense of the Songs Whales Sing. Natural Wild Life. Volume 36, Number 8. Hasley, W. 1984. Colliers Encyclopedia. P.F. Coillier,Inc. New York, NY. Mulvaney, K. 1998. A Canny Way with Whalers. New Scientist. Volume 157, Number 2118. Satchell, M. 1998. A Whale of a Protest: Animal-RightsActivists Hope to Keep an Indian Tribe from Bringing Home the Blubber. US Newsand World Review. Volume 125, Number 13. Small, G. 1971. The Blue Whale. NewYork Columbia University Press. New York, NY. Zimmer, C. 1998. The Equation

Tyler Pet Foods Essays - Pet Foods, Dog Food, Dogs, Supermarket

Tyler Pet Foods I. SUMMARY Tyler Pet Food Inc. is a major distributor of dog food for show-dog kennels in the United States. After some researches and discussions, Tyler Pet Foods (TPF) decided to enter into the household dog food market in the Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. TPF hired a consulting firm to help it promote and distribute its product. The programs included situational and competitive analysis, the problems and opportunities of the company, and creative strategies to promote its product. II. INDUSTRY The sales of dog food will total almost $5.6 billion this year, with $3.1 billion in sales coming from supermarket chains. The Boston area has 1.5% of the U.S. population, and 1.5% of the dog population. The dog food industry has been growing rapidly because of owners desire for companionship or need for protection. Dog owners are generally price sensitive, yet they spend more than $10 billion annually for veterinary fees and medications for dogs. Supermarkets make approximately 55% of all dog food sales. Typically, all pet foods are located in one area of the store, separate from human foods. The following graph shows the detailed market potential of Show Circuit dog food. Category Share of Dog Food Total Sales of Dog Food Boston Market Potential Supermarket % Show Circuit Market Potential Canned 23.7% $5.6 billion 1.5% 55% $10,949,400 Dry 58.6% $5.6 billion 1.5% 55% $27,073,200 Semimoist 2.2% $5.6 billion 1.5% 55% $1,016,400 Treats 15.5% $5.6 billion 1.5% 55% $7,161,000 III. COMPETITION There are about 50 dog food manufacturers and 350 dog food brands in the United States. Ralston Purina, Kal-Kan, Heinz, Nestl? USA, and Nabisco, together capture 83% of all supermarket sales. Traditionally, dog food comes in four forms: canned, dry, semimoist, and snack-type. Either the introduction of Show Circuit would add a new segment for frozen dog food or TPF would segment it between the dry and moist segments already established. The prices of these forms of food can range between $.55 for a 5.5 oz. can up to $9.99 for a 13.5 lb. bag. Because dog food is heavily advertised, TPF must follow suit to remain competitive in the industry. IV. PROBLEMS TO BE ADDRESSED After meeting with representatives from Marketing Ventures Unlimited, these questions were left to be answered: 1. Was the market itself adequately defined? 2. What position would Show Circuit seek in the market? Should the program be targeted toward all dog food buyers or toward specific segments? 3. Could the food brokers get distribution in supermarkets given the sales program? 4. What should be TPF's recommended selling list price to the consumer for Show Circuit? 5. Could TPF at least break even in the introductory year and achieve a 15 percent return on sales in subsequent years? V. PROBLEMS ADDRESSED On the question about the market itself being adequately defined, I believe that it was narrowed down adequately to the single and married couples between the ages of 21 and 50 years of age with an income greater than $25,000. This represents a focused target market but it is questionable whether the market is large enough to be profitable. On the question about the market positioning, Show Circuit will be marketed as a high-quality food that has for years, been exclusively sold to owners of show dogs. The product is also differentiable from other forms of pet food, since it is a frozen pet food, and one of the first organic dog foods. Consumers would find this dog food in the frozen food section of a supermarket along side the food that you would serve to other family members. The problem of the food brokers getting distribution in supermarkets represents the greatest challenge for TPF. However, the pioneering work has already been done by a frozen dog treat called Frosty Paws. Frosty Paws has already gained freezer space next to ice cream in Boston area supermarkets. It is difficult to convince supermarkets to give up a proven product's space, for an unproven, untested product. It may be necessary to offer higher profit margins to the frozen food buyers, to encourage them to free up space to sell Show Circuit. The following graph demonstrates the selling price and the contribution margins. CANNED CASE CANNEDTUB SEMIMOIST CASE SEMIMOIST TUB Price to Consumer $18 $1.50 $11.16 $0.93 Price

Among the School Children Notes Essays

Among the School Children Notes Essays Among the School Children Notes Paper Among the School Children Notes Paper Among School Children Author William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) First Published 1927; collected in The Tower, 1928 Type of Poem Meditation The Poem William Butler Yeatss Among School Children' is written in eight eight-line stanzas that follow a precise rhyme scheme. Along with the straightforward title, stanza I establishes the immediate context of the action in deliberately prosaic language. The speaker is visiting a schoolroom, and a kind old nun,' his guide for the day or perhaps the classroom teacher, is answering his matter-of-fact questions in a rapid, matter-of-fact way. The tone and mood of the poem take a sharp turn in the couplet ending the first stanza, however; the speaker suddenly sees himself through the childrens eyes as they In momentary wonder stare upon/ A sixty-year-old smiling public man. The speaker is almost certainly Yeats himself; as a member of the Irish Senate, Yeats, just turned sixty, did in fact visit schools as a part of his official duties. Seeing himself through the childrens eyes inspires a reverie. He thinks of a child, a girl, whom he knew in his own childhood or youth. The facts are not quite clear, for the reader is told of a childish day' but also of youthful sympathy. Nevertheless, the young female is generally identified as Maud Gonne, with whom the poet first became acquainted and fell in love when she was in her late teens and he was in his twenties. The reverie ends, but his eyes light upon one of the children, who looks amazingly like Maud when she was that age: She stands before me as a living child. Seeing her as she looked then reminds him of what she looks like now, after the passage of nearly forty years. Her present image' is of someone whom life has wasted and exhausted; she is Hollow of cheek' as if she drank the wind' and ate a mess of shadows for [her] meat. Thoughts of her then and now lead to thoughts of himself then and now. The years have not been kind in his case either, and, back in the present in the schoolroom, he decides that it is best to keep u p a brave front and smile on all that smile. Yet he cannot shake the thought that human life appears to be a process of diminishment and gradual dispossession, if not outright defeat. He imagines what a mother- perhaps his own- would think, just having given birth, could she see that infant after he has lived through sixty or more winters. Would she, he wonders, think the result worth the pain of her labor and of all her coming anxieties over her helpless infants welfare? In the final three stanzas, the personal note that has pervaded the poem is dropped as the speaker explores in rapid order the breadth and scope of all human thought and endeavor- from Plato to Aristotle and Pythagoras, from nuns to mothers to youthful lovers- seeking some solace for the tragic unraveling of dreams and hopes that human life seems to be. In a sudden burst of anger, the speaker excoriates all those images that people set before their minds eyes to goad themselves and others into succeeding only at failing, and he tries instead to see human life as it is truly lived. The vision that emerges is one in which neither devotion to others (motherhood) nor devotion to God (the nun) nor devotion to fulfilling selfhood (Maud Gonne) can alone be enough, for Labour is blossoming or dancing. It is an ongoing process, not any final product. Therefore, one cannot isolate the individual from the passing moment by trying to imagine that at any one instant there is some greater or lesser being there; like the chestnut tree, a human life is all one piece, so one should be wary of trying to know the dancer from the dance. Forms and Devices Yeatss is a poetry rich in complex webs of both personal and public symbols and allusions, and Among School Children' is no exception. An example of this complexity can be found by examining the source of something as apparently superficial as the rhyme scheme. Ottava rima was introduced into English prosody by the early nineteenth century poet George Gordon, Lord Byron, who used it to great comic effect in poems such as his sa tiric masterpiece, Don Juan (1819–1824). The Yeats poem is hardly satiric and is comic only by the broadest definition of the term, as one uses it when speaking of Dantes The Divine Comedy (c. 1320). Like Dante, whose great poem begins with the otherwise unremarkable discovery that he has lost his way, Yeats uses a rather commonplace incident- a public officials visit to a classroom while touring a school- to explore the larger meaning and purpose of human life in general. Because of the complexity of Yeatss technique, making such connections is not as farfetched as one might suspect. A symbol, like the allusion to outside texts and sources of information, can point in any number of directions, but it will always make a connection. The poet must connect private and public symbols and allusions in a careful order and to some greater thematic purpose. Yeatss use of the myth of Leda and the swan offers a fine example. In the ancient Greek myth, Zeus came as a swan to rape the mortal Leda; from that union came Helen of Troy. Yeatss Ledaean body,' however, is something more than a knowledge of the myth alone can betoken. In his poem Leda and the Swan,' he sees in the myth a comment on the dangerous consequences of mixing divine elements with something as fragile as human nature. Furthermore, in other poems, Yeats identifies Maud Gonne with Helen of Troy as representatives of that beauty which is destructive. That Leda also brings to mind childbearing and childrearing in a poem that focuses on children, childhood, labor, and birth suggests still further possibilities of meaning and illustrates that the apparent opacity of the poem is actually the result of combining a wide literary heritage with a compelling richness and nterconnectedness of thought, feeling, and experience. Themes and Meanings The central themes of Among School Children' are best exemplified in the central action: A sixty-year-old official is visiting with elementary school children. The age-old poetic themes of innocence versus experience, naivete versus wisdom, and youth versus age permeate every stanza of the poem. Yeats, who in h is youthful work frequently dealt with incidents of passing and loss, virtually became obsessed with those themes as he became older and faced his own mortality in more real, less abstract terms. By this point in his career, Yeats was examining the consequences and effects of times passage not only on the human body but also on the human spirit- both for the individual and for the race as a whole- invariably basing his meditations on personal experience. In Yeatss hands, these timeless themes take on a profound significance, because while he views human life as tragic, his vision is not nihilistic. He never does actually enunciate what purpose human life may serve, but he does believe that there is a purpose. Among School Children' illustrates how the individual might frustrate that purpose by imagining either that he is the master of his own destiny or that there is no such thing as destiny. Maud Gonne serves as a prime example of this frustration of purpose. The poet, who is condemned to remember the brightness and promise of her youth, must live with the meaningless fruits of her actions now that the heartbreak and frustrations of her commitment to revolutionary Irish poli tical causes have taken their toll both on herself and others. By cutting her fulfillment short, she has cut all the rest of humankind short. Nor will Yeats exclude himself and others from the same condemnation. All fail in their choices and actions to face squarely the one insurmountable reality: Flesh ages, spirits flag, and human dreams wither. He thus accuses himself of having given up or given in (I †¦ had pretty plumage once' but now am a comfortable kind of old scarecrow') and accuses nuns and mothers, as much as the Helens and Mauds of the world, of betraying the innocent, childlike spirit that fosters dreams and compels human choices. People unwittingly create false images of what it is to be human, thereby creating false hopes and expectations. Yeats suggests that since there is no choice but to move forward, one should imagine the fullness of each moment as having an inextricable harmony with all others. Life is like a dance that does exist independent of a dancer but has no shape or form without the dancers.

Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Science - Essay Example The main purpose of taking field trip is to allow students a real life experience that they would not be possible to have within the classroom setting or the laboratory. Academics believe that these varieties of activities enhance students’ understanding of the processes concerned and conjointly improve student’s attitudes towards science and within the classroom likewise. These trips have proven to be an effective pedagogy and may be used both effectively as well as frequently. Through a look of the Aquarium’s exhibits and behind the scenes areas, students are going to be exposed to aquarium careers and research. Also students would be able to understand how the Aquarium meets the diverse needs of the sea animals. Animal behavior is another interesting study. Before transferring animals to an aquarium, biologists study and understand how these animals behave and what they require to survive. Training is provided to the staff to take care of the health of those animals. On the other hand, there are Discovery labs. These labs provide great opportunities for different level of classes to dive into science. Through in-depth investigations, students will explore the ideas of marine biology and oceanography. These interactive discovery labs bring science to life and supply a chance for students to engage in group discussion. Few educators question the worth of learning through experience and research. They have indicated that learning outside the classroom setting can be educationally effective from both a psychological feature and emotional standpoint. Non-native speakers in particular who do not experience much success in the academic field might spark a lifetime passion while visiting, as an aquarium may present intricate information in more exciting and varied ways. As a result, these trips help in motivating students to learn more

Issues In Researching and Developing Media Projects Research Paper

Issues In Researching and Developing Media Projects - Research Paper Example The portrayal of multicultural aspect of European society commenced during the 1960s in Britain and France with the key motive of creating awareness among the migrant populations regarding the host society’s customs and policies. However, the contemporary media, has a completely reformed agenda, that of assimilating and integrating the migrant and multicultural populations within the predominantly white communities and cater to their needs and demands at par with those of their counterparts. The European mass media, today, through its multicultural approach, largely aims to eliminate or reduce the cultural misunderstandings through representation of culturally diverse communities, as opposed to the historical approach, of merely educating the migrants about the way of life of their host societies. It seeks to eliminate discrimination on the grounds of race, culture or social backgrounds of the individuals and encourage peaceful co-existence through intercultural exchange (Alle yne, 2010). This paper seeks to explore the extent to and manner in which multiculturalism is driven by advertising in different media. For the purpose of this study, various forms of mass media i.e. advertisements, books and films have been analyzed to understand the effect it has on promoting and depicting multiculturalism. The advertisements of popular brands, such as McDonalds, American Airlines, and Dove Real Beauty Campaign among others; the book ‘Londonstani’ by Gautam Malkani; and the film ‘Somers Town’ directed by Shane Meadows are studied, analyzed and discussed to gain a broader understanding of the subject. It concludes that the depiction of multicultural ideologies in the mass media, and advertising has facilitated a greater assimilation of culturally diverse communities and has fostered their identification as significant strata of society which is also a lucrative business

WWII Inventions and Innovations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WWII Inventions and Innovations - Essay Example One can only begin to imagine where the world would be now if WWII had not happened. The innovations that resulted from WWII are quite significant and still present in modern society. Some significant events that took place during WWII that have impacted my life as well as the lives of many sometimes go unnoticed but not forgotten. Women took on a new role in society and men fought for freedom. New weapons were created as well as the means for new technology. Hitler’s power was defeated and the Japanese went against the odds and made a surprising attack on Pearl Harbor. This attack began the start of the war and America bombed two Japanese territories that finished the war. The end of the war also marked a milestone in history as this started a new way of life for many. The role of women is one of the most innovative and long running changes that can still be seen in modern society as result of WWII. When WWII began women had a role that left them limited to taking care of the home, children and husband. These roles women had made their presence in the work field limited and their motivation to step up in society low. WWII made it necessary for men to go to war. This meant that the men would be leaving the home and the women were then forced with the burden to take care of everything that they were once before limited too. With many men off to war but the production of war supplies at an all time high, women were encouraged to step up and go to work. Many women not only worked like men once did, but women were also enlisting in the war. The government helped force this upon women with the use of advertising. Many billboards and posters were placed for women to see that encouraged them to step up in society. This is known in history as Rosie the Riveters. The events that WWII had on women and their new role in society have affected lives even to this day. Women are still working many jobs alongside men as well as taking care of the household. Women are mo re outspoken and honored for their many achievements. Without WWII, the role of women in society would not be as flourished as it is because of the result of WWII. The government was also able to use this as a way to investigate the affects that the mass media has on others. The response to the advertising toward women was so successful that the government was able to gain power through motivation. Weapons and technology that were invented during WWII are also used today and can be seen as building blocks for other weapons and technological advances. The medical field, weaponry and communications have come a long way since WWII but without advances made in WWII, many may not have been possible. Weapons and military advancement that have impacted modern day life and helped to advance the war include new ships and guns, the use of navigation and espionage and the rise in factory work this created. Many countries were constantly developing new ways that allowed them to take on a more p owerful stance during WWII. Medical advancements developed during WWII helped many survive injuries and are still used today. Although drugs such as penicillin were created before WWII the need was high for those in the front lines of war. What this meant was that penicillin needed to be mass produced and stored efficiently so that it could be beneficial. The ability to mass produce and distribute penicillin has impacted lives today. Pharmaceutical companies are now able to better keep up with the demand of many medicines that each one of us use every day. Communication as a result of WWII has made many impacts. These impacts include allowing communication to be as advanced as it now is. The results are the

Portrayal of Two Mothers in Blood Brothers

Portrayal of Two Mothers in Blood Brothers Compare how Willy Russell portrays the two mothers in â€Å"Blood Brothers†. Blood Brothers is a popular play by Willy Russell. It was written and first performed in 1981. The play tells of twin brothers, separated at birth, with one kept in a low-class family and the other is adopted into a wealthy family. The characters of Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons, the mothers, are total opposites. Mrs Johnston is a struggling, single mother of seven, with another two on the way, whereas Mrs Lyons is a privileged, yet childless, married woman. When we are first introduced to Mrs Johnston, she is a single mother ever since her husband left her for a younger woman. She is a low–class Liverpudlian, who is extremely hardworking. Mrs Johnston is described as a woman in her thirties, but looks sixty, because of the stress of work and her children. Mrs Johnston stutters at times, when shes under pressure, like when Mrs Lyons is persuading her to give away one of the twins, â€Å"Erm, well I think its the†¦ but, Mrs Lyons, what†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 1 Scene 5. Mrs Johnston is shown as unsure and pressured into something she doesnt want to do. The reader may find it disturbing, since not many mothers give away their children to their employers. Mrs Johnston realises what Mrs Lyons is talking about, but is still confused over the whole situation. When she talks, ellipses are used to show that she pauses in her dialogue, because she is uncertain about the consequences to what she is about to do, â€Å"At er†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 1 Scene 5. She is hesitating because she is in doubt and hasnt really decided. Mrs Johnston is lost for words and cant think of anything to say. Mrs Johnston is a superstitious lady, even though she denies it. The reader can see this in a scene between her and Mrs Lyons, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: [Twigging, laughing] Oh, you mean its superstition. Youre superstitious are you? The Mother: No. But you never put new shoes on a table.† Act 1 Scene 3. When Mrs Lyons laid shoes on the table, Mrs Johnston panicked. Mrs Lyons uses Mrs Johnstons belief of superstition against her when trying to keep her ‘son, Edward, one of the twins. Mrs Lyons contrasts really strongly against Mrs Johnston. At first, Mrs Lyons is shown as a bright person in her thirties, unlike the stressed Mrs Johnston who is the same age. Mrs Lyons is an upper middle-class woman. She is also a very patronising woman, who is forceful and pressurising. Mrs Lyons uses negative views about extra children so that Mrs Johnston will have to give away one of the twins to her. She doesnt do this in an aggressive way, but in a dangerously sweet manner, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: Already youre being threatened by the Welfare. With two more how will you avoid some of them being put into care? Surely, surely, Mrs Johnston, its better to give one child to me than to have some of them taken into care! If hes with me youll still be able to see him each day as you come into work.† Act 1 Scene 5. She gives Mrs Johnston reasons to give up a child. Mrs Lyons is shown to be self-centred, â€Å"My husband is due back tomorrow! I must have my baby now.† Act 1 Scene 6. She doesnt care about Mrs Johnstons feelings, Mrs Lyons only wants the baby because if Mr Lyons returns and doesnt see it, he will know that his wife was lying. Mrs Lyons is willing to take a child away from its mother, so that she can save her own skin. Mrs Lyons is a very sly and devious woman, as she uses superstition against Mrs Johnston, so that she can keep one of the twins, after Mrs Johnston tries to take him back, â€Å"Mrs Lyons: †¦ You know what they say about twins secretly parted, dont you? The Mother: [Terrified] What, what? Mrs Lyons: They say†¦ they say that if either twin learns he was one of a pair they shall both die immediately! It means, Mrs Johnston, that these brothers shall grow up unaware of the others existence. They shall be raised apart, and never, never ever told what was once the truth. You wont tell anyone, Mrs Johnston, because if you do you shall kill them!† Act 1 Scene 8. Mrs Lyons is being dramatic, but she knows that Mrs Johnston is convinced, because she saw how Mrs Johnston overreacted when she put shoes on the table. Mrs Lyons is very manipulative, but she conceals it very well. This superstition ends up backfiring on Mrs Lyons because Mrs Johnston soon forgets about it, but it continues to haunt Mrs Lyons decades later. She becomes paranoid and obsessive, believing that Mrs Johnston is following her to tell Edward the truth. This shows the reader that the superstition affects her instead of Mrs Johnston, the person it was intended for. When she is trying to convince Mrs Johnston to give away a twin, all she mentions is the materialistic advantages of her lifestyle, â€Å"The Mother: †¦ Hed be able to play on those lawns wouldnt he? And have his own room and†¦ Mrs Lyons: If he grew up here†¦ as our son†¦ He could have everything.† Act 1 Scene 5. Although she agrees with everything Mrs Johnston says, Mrs Lyons never mentions if she would love the child as if it was hers. The reader could think that Mrs Lyons could give him everything apart from love. The stage directions are in the text because Blood Brothers is a play. They are there because the dialogue doesnt describe how the characters are reacting or what the scenery is like. The stage direction gives the reader an idea of what is happening, without giving too much away, â€Å"The Mother: [Terrified] What, what?† Act 1 Scene 8. If the stage directions werent given, the reader wouldnt know how Mrs Johnston said it. She could have been curious or confused about the situation. The stage directions help with the readers imagination and interpretation of Blood Brothers. The Narrator is also a very good dramatic device. He acts as a shadow of the other character. The Narrator is there as a reminder of Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons agreement. The other characters dont acknowledge him which shows he is of a ghostly nature. The Narrator raises suspicion and builds up tension between the characters. He has no emotion and talks of the Devil, â€Å"Theres no use clutching at your rosary The Devils in the backyard, he can see Through the gaps in the curtains he sees it all, Theres no use hiding in the hall. When he raps at the knocker then he knows youre in; No you wont, no youll never get away from him No you wont, no youll never get away from him.† Act 2 Scene 1. The Narrator is trying to tell Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons that their pact wont work, because the truth will be known. He uses repetition and rhyme, so that his lines are more catchy and memorable. The Narrator is a creepy and disturbing character because he knows the future and talks about the Devil, which makes him God-like and all seeing. He is a neutral character because he doesnt choose sides and we dont know anything about him, other than he knows the fate of each character. The Narrator also represents superstition because he is there throughout the play, reminding the reader of the lie Mrs Lyons told. The dialogue of the two families is very diverse. Mrs Johnston uses ‘common English and Mrs Lyons uses ‘standard English. Mrs Johnston uses ‘common English in her dialect and many slang terms throughout the play, â€Å"Oh its, its smashing thank you, Mrs Lyons.† Act 1 Scene 3. This shows that she wasnt brought up in a rich family or she wasnt properly educated. Mrs Lyons uses ‘standard English in her language, since she is quite wealthy and possibly well educated. Instead of calling her son Eddie, she calls him Edward, â€Å"Edward! Edward its time for bed.† Act 2 Scene 3. Childhood is very prominent in the play. The reader can see a difference in the twins upbringing. Eddie seems to have grown up very fast because at the age of seven, he is already very polite and well spoken. His parents have influenced him because he is like a miniature adult. The reader can see that Mrs Lyons was very overprotective when she brought Eddie up, because he is already familiar with things like dictionaries at such a young age, â€Å"Eddie: In the dictionary. Dont you know what a dictionary is?† Act 2 Scene 2. Eddie speaks like he has used a dictionary a lot, whereas Mickey doesnt know what one is, but agrees to make himself look smarter. In contrast, Mickey is more wild and untamed. He plays childhood games, like mounted Police and Indians, and runs around with a toy gun. Mrs Johnston probably let him do whatever he wanted, because she had his other siblings to look after as well. This is something that Eddie never did, â€Å"Were playing mounted Police, and Indians. Im a Mountie. Mam, Mam, you know this morning weve wiped out three thousand Indians.† Act 2 Scene 1. A gun is mentioned throughout the play. At first, a harmless air gun is used a toy. This symbolises the fate of the twins. The child versions think its just a toy used to vandalise, but as they grow up, real guns are used. At the end of the play, when Mickey feels that Eddie has taken everything away from him, he produces an authentic looking gun. Even then it isnt real. The child and the adult Mickey thinks of guns as a relic of power. When Mrs Lyons moves to the countryside, she orders that poplars be planted, so that the council estate cant be seen. The poplars are a barrier between Mrs Lyons and Mrs Johnston. Mrs Lyons wants sever all ties with the Johnston family, but they manage to move to the countryside as well. Superstition plays a big part in Blood Brothers. With the Narrator as a constant reminder, the reader sees that Mrs Lyons superstition affects every character in the play. Mrs Lyons is most affected. Simple things that a mother would tell a child would be nonsense to her, but knowing that Mrs Johnston is superstitious helped her get a child. At that point, superstition was an advantage to her. But when she faces the reality of what she has done, Mrs Lyons becomes deluded. The idea of motherhood and surrogacy is also present. Mrs Johnston and Mrs Lyons raise their sons very differently. Mrs Johnston lets Mickey be carefree and wild, but he isnt allowed to play near the ‘big houses in the park. Mrs Lyons raises Eddie the way she desires, but he finds his way back to his biological family. She becomes insane because of Eddies bonds with his real family. This reveals her real personality, compulsive and aggressive. Surrogacy is shown as a bad thing in Blood Brothers, because Mrs Johnston was reluctant to give away her child. Mrs Lyons manipulative personality is seen here, in her desperation to have a child, as she forces Mrs Johnston to give away her son. Blood brothers are also one of the themes mentioned. It started off as a childs alliance to his friend, but carries on until adulthood. The twins do forget about it at times in their life, but it keeps returning. The one who came up with the idea, Mickey, is the one who ends up dismissing it. He thinks nothing of it any more, â€Å"Eddie: [Pause] I thought†¦ I thought we always stuck together. I thought we were†¦ blood brothers. Mickey: That was kids stuff, Eddie, didnt anyone tell you? [Pause. Mickey looking at him. An ironic snort] But I suppose you still are a kid, arent you?† Act 4 Scene 2. Social class and division is also mentioned. Whilst Mickey and Eddie overcome that boundary, their mothers havent. Mrs Johnston is treated very badly because of her low-class status. When Mickey is in trouble with the police, the Policewoman is very patronising and shows Mrs Johnston no respect, â€Å"[to Mrs Johnston] And he was about to commit a serious crime, love, a serious crime. Now do you understand that? [The Mother nods] You dont want to end up in court again do you? Eh? [Shakes her head] Because thats whats going to happen if I have any more trouble from one of yours†¦ † Act 2 Scene 7. The Policewoman uses a threatening tone and rhetorical questions, such as ‘Eh? She also uses repetition because she thinks that Mrs Johnston is poorly educated and inferior to her. Since Eddie was also there at the time, the Policewoman paid a visit to his house too, â€Å"As I say, it was more if a prank really, Mrs Lyons. Id just dock his pocket money if I was you. But one thing I would say, and excuse me if Im interfering, but Id not let him mix with the likes of them in the future. Make sure he keeps with his own kind, Mrs Lyons, not running round with them at the other end†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Act 2 Scene 7. The Policewoman is more polite to Mrs Lyons. She refers to the incident as a crime to Mrs Johnston, but tells Mrs Lyons it was a prank. She doesnt use repetition with Mrs Lyons. She is inside Mrs Lyons house because Mrs Lyons is a respected woman and if the neighbours saw, people would talk. The Policewoman is very two-faced, treating one mother better because of her status. The town, where the characters live, is separated. The reader can see a definite social division. There is the wealthy ‘in the big houses near the park and the workers in the council estate.

Geothermal Energy is the Solution to the Energy Crisis Essay examples -

Geothermal Energy: A Solution to the Energy Crisis Abstract So far, scientists have not found a successful substitute for fossil fuels that can handle both the large demand for energy and solve the global warming problem. I propose that geothermal energy is a clean, widely available, and renewable alternative to the usage of fossil fuels. In this paper, I will explain how use of geothermal resources can be energy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-effective. I believe that the US government should increase funding for geothermal energy research. This may be the solution to our present energy crisis and global warming. Introduction There is a call of action to solve today’s energy crisis. What we need urgently is a clean, abundant, and reliable source of energy. Geothermal energy may be the solution. Geothermal energy does not produce CO2 and is inexpensive compared to the unbelievably high gas prices. This type of energy is also renewable so it can continue to feed the growing population of the world. â€Å"New [geothermal] facilities can produce electricity for being between 4.5 and 7.3 cents per kilowatt-hour, making it competitive with new conventional fossil fuel-fired power plants.† (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2) This shows that if there is more research focused onto this topic, geothermal energy may become the solution to our energy crisis. Current Energy Consumption Currently, the energy consumption has been increasing exponentially. Energy consumption increases by 2% each year causing a doubling in only 35 years. As of 2003, the energy consumptions in quadrillion BTU (British Thermal Unit= 1055.06 Joules) are: North America- 118.3, Europe- 127.4, Asia- 120.2, Middle East- 19.6, Central/South America- 21.9, ... ...y source." 22 Jan. 2007. 27 June 2008 . Moore, Bill. "Sustainble Iceland: Geothermal Wonderland." 25 July 2008 . Sandoval, Steve. "Valles Caldera Geothermal focus of talk Thursday at Laboratory's Bradbury Science Museum." 26 July 2008 . Solar4Scholars. "Geothermal Energy." 25 July 2008 . Union of Concerned Scientists. How Geothermal Energy Works. 21 July 2008 . World Chancing Team. ""Hot Rocks" for Home Energy." Tools, Models and Ideas for Building a Bright Green Future. 21 July 2008 .

A Dirty Job Chapter 17

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Properly Using Je Suis Plein in French

Properly Using Je Suis Plein in French Its common for non-native French speakers to make mistakes in conversation, especially if theyre using a phrase like  je suis  plein.  Imagine this scenario: Youre at a bistro and have just had a delicious, filling meal. The waiter comes by to ask if youd care for dessert. Youre stuffed, so you politely decline by saying youre full. The waiter smiles awkwardly. What did you just say? Understanding Je Suis  Plein The French translation of full is plein, except when it comes to your stomach.  Correct ways to say Im full include jai  trop  mangà ©Ã‚  (literally, I ate too much), je  suis rassasià ©Ã‚  (Im satisfied), and je  nen  peux  plus  (I cant [take] anymore). But if youre new to the language, you may not be aware of this subtle nuance. Although it may seem logical to use je suis plein to mean Im full, most people in France interpret the phrase as meaning Im pregnant.Its not a very nice way to say it,  either, because the phrase à ªtre pleine is used to talk about pregnant animals, not people. Many visitors to France have anecdotes involving the misuse of this expression. Whats interesting is that if a woman actually says je suis pleine to a native French speaker, he or she will probably understand that to mean shes pregnant. And yet if you talk about this expression in the abstract with a native speaker, s/hes likely to tell you that no one would ever take it to mean youre pregnant  because its only used for animals.Note: Je suis plein is also a familiar way of saying Im drunk. In Quebec and Belgium, unlike France, its perfectly acceptable to use this phrase to mean Im full.